Almeida, F., Silva, S., & Monteiro, J. (2023). The role of ChatGPT in academic writing: Challenges and opportunities. Journal of Educational Technology Development and Exchange, 16(2), 45–58.
Barclay, D., Higgins, C., & Thompson, R. (1995). The Partial Least Squares (PLS) approach to causal modeling: Personal computer adoption and use as an illustration. Technology Studies, 2(2), 285–309.
Chan, K. H., Cheung, K. L., & Leung, W. Y. (2023). Artificial intelligence-based chatbots in education: A review of literature and directions for future research. Computers & Education: Artificial Intelligence, 4, 100130.
Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319–340.
Duong, T., Nguyen, H., & Pham, M. (2023). ChatGPT as an educational tool: Usage patterns and learning outcomes. AI in Education Review, 5(1), 23–38.
Foroughi, B., Iranmanesh, M., Hyun, S. S., & Kim, D. (2023). Drivers of students’ intention to use ChatGPT for academic purposes: An application of UTAUT2 and uses and gratifications theory. Computers & Education, 201, 104831.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate data analysis (8th ed.). Cengage.
Han, S., & Kim, J. (2020). The impact of scientific content creation on cognitive engagement and motivation in intelligent learning platforms. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 23(2), 112-124.
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8
Jishnu, R., Sandeep, S., & Rani, P. (2023). Students’ motivations for using ChatGPT: A uses and gratifications approach. Education and Information Technologies, 28(6), 11321–11342.
Jo, W., & Park, Y. (2023). Exploring employees’ acceptance of ChatGPT in the workplace: An extended technology acceptance model. Technology in Society, 74, 102344.
Le, T., Nguyen, M., Pham, H., & Tran, L. (2024). Understanding AI technology adoption in higher education: A structural equation modeling approach. Journal of Educational Technology Research, 37(1), 45–62.
Ma, L., Zhang, H., & Li, J. (2024). Trends in ChatGPT usage among university students: A cross-national study. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 21(1), 1–19.
McLean, G., & Osei-Frimpong, K. (2019). Hey Alexa… examine the variables influencing the use of artificial intelligent smart voice assistants. Computers in Human Behavior, 99, 28–37.
Papacharissi, Z. (2014). A networked self: Identity, community and culture on social network sites. Routledge.
Rudolph, J., Tan, S., & Lee, M. (2023). ChatGPT in higher education: Exploring academic integration and implications for teaching and learning. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 61(4), 778–802.
Seif, A., Zhang, Y., & Lin, J. (2024). The impact of AI tools on students’ creative performance in writing tasks: Evidence from ChatGPT. Educational Technology Research and Development, 72(2), 335–352.
Vinzi, V. E., Trinchera, L., & Amato, S. (2010). PLS path modeling: From foundations to recent developments and open issues for model assessment and improvement. Handbook of Partial Least Squares, 47–82.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-32827-8_2
Wang, X., Li, Y., & Zhang, Q. (2021). Learner engagement in AI-based digital learning environments: The role of content creation on perceived usefulness and continuous usage intention. Computers & Education, 165, 104141.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2021.104141
Xu, X.-Y., Tayyab, S. M. U., Jia, Q., & Huang, A. H. (2025). A multi-model approach for the extension of the use and gratification theory in video game streaming. Information Technology & People, 38(1), 137-179
Yilmaz, R. M., Yilmaz, F. G. K., & Keser, H. (2023). Understanding students’ acceptance of ChatGPT: A technology acceptance model approach. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 4, 100
Yin, Y., Bai, B., & Xu, S. (2025). The role of social community in influencing purchase intention in live-streaming E-commerce: a social learning theory perspective. Marketing Intelligence & Planning.
Yu, E., Jung, C., Kim, H., & Jung, J. (2018). Impact of viewer engagement on gift-giving in live video streaming. Telematics and Informatics, 35(5), 1450-1460
Zhang, T., Li, B., & Hua, N. (2025). Live-streaming tourism: Model development and validations. Journal of Travel Research, 64(3), 559-575
Zhang, X. (2025). The Impact of Social Presence on Impulsive Purchase Intentions in Live Streaming E-Commerce. International Journal of Science and Business, 43(1), 138-149.