طراحی مدل کیفی اقتدار در محیط های ورزشی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه آموزش تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران

چکیده

اقتدار یکی از اشکال بسیار کارآمد نفوذ است و مطمئن‌تر و پر دوام تر از اجبار می‌باشد؛ همیشه سعی رهبران بر آن ست که نفوذهای خود را به صورت اقتدار درآورند. اکثر مطالعات موجود در حوزه اقتدار مربی بر رویکردهای کمی و نظری تکیه دارند و مدل‌های کیفی جامع که ابعاد مختلف اقتدار را در محیط‌های ورزشی بررسی کنند، کمتر مورد توجه قرار گرفته‌اند که نیازمند توسعه هستند. این پژوهش با هدف طراحی مدلکیفی اقتدار در محیط های ورزشی انجام شد.

روش تحقیق کیفی و از نوع داده‌بنیاد با رویکرد سیستماتیک استراوس و کوربین بود. داده‌ها از طریق مصاحبه‌های نیمه‌ساختاریافته با ۱۶ خبره دانشگاهی و ورزشی گردآوری و در سه مرحله کدگذاری باز، محوری و گزینشی تحلیل شدند.

یافته‌ها: یافته‌ها نشان داد اقتدار در محیط‌های ورزشی متأثر از پنج مقوله اصلی است: شرایط علی (اعتماد، توانمندی فردی و گروهی، مدیریت و رهبری)، شرایط زمینه‌ا‌ی (فرهنگ سازمانی، تعاملات تیمی)، شرایط مداخله‌گر (نقص ارتباطات، فقدان انگیزه)، راهبردها (رهبری مثبت، شفافیت، مشارکت در تصمیم‌گیری) و پیامدها (افزایش عملکرد، توسعه مهارت‌ها).

نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج تأکید می‌کند اقتدار در ورزش نه به‌عنوان ابزار سلطه، بلکه به‌مثابه فرآیندی تعاملی، اخلاق‌محور و مبتنی بر اعتماد متقابل شکل می‌گیرد که مشروعیت آن وابسته به صلاحیت حرفه‌ای، رفتار عادلانه و توانمندسازی روانی مربیان است. این مدل با ارائه راهبردهایی مانند بازخورد سازنده، آموزش هوش هیجانی و ساختارهای حمایتی، چارچوبی برای بهبود مدیریت تیم‌ها و سیاست‌گذاری در نهادهای ورزشی فراهم می‌کند. پژوهش حاضر با تکیه بر رویکردی بومی و چندسطحی، گامی به‌سوی درک پویایی‌های اقتدار در محیط‌های پویای ورزشی محسوب می‌شود

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Designing a qualitative model of authority in sports environments

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elaheh Medadi Nansa
  • Hassan Helali Aghdam
  • Hamzeh Moradi
Department of Physical Education, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Authority is a very effective form of influence and is more reliable and durable than coercion; leaders always try to transform their influence into authority.Most of the existing studies in the field of coach authority rely on quantitative and theoretical approaches, and comprehensive qualitative models that examine different dimensions of authority in sports environments have received less attention and need to be developed.This study was conducted with the aim of qualitative analysis of authority in sports environments.The research method was qualitative and data-based with the systematic approach of Strauss and Corbin. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 16 academic and sports experts and analyzed in three stages of open, axial and selective coding. The findings showed that authority in sports environments is affected by five main categories: causal conditions (trust, individual and group empowerment, management and leadership), contextual conditions (organizational culture, team interactions), intervening conditions (lack of communication, lack of motivation), strategies (positive leadership, transparency, participation in decision-making) and consequences (increased performance, development of skills).The results emphasize that authority in sport is not formed as a tool of domination, but as an interactive, ethical, and trust-based process whose legitimacy depends on the professional competence, fair treatment, and psychological empowerment of coaches.By providing strategies such as constructive feedback, emotional intelligence training, and support structures, this model provides a framework for improving team management and policymaking in sports institutions.The present study, relying on a local and multilevel approach, is a step towards understanding the dynamics of authority in dynamic sports environments.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Authority
  • Sports Environment
  • Qualitative Model
  • Transformational Leadership

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 13 دی 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 13 بهمن 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 06 اردیبهشت 1405

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